中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
各地各部门全力以赴,确保研考平稳顺利 | 2023研考进行时******
2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试今日开考。教育部深入贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署,采取系列针对性举措,全力确保研考平稳顺利实施。各地多措并举,全力保障组考工作,努力实现如期考试、应考尽考、平安研考。和小微一起来看——
临近考试,教育部指导各省(区、市)教育招生考试机构进一步优化考生服务,完善研考信息发布机制,开通咨询电话和邮箱,及时解答考生关切的问题。
同时,为帮助部分考生解决赴考的实际困难,对于仍滞留在报考点所在地以外省份且返回报考点确有困难的考生,教育部部署做好有关考生借考工作。
面对疫情新阶段,教育部、国家卫健委、国家疾控局按照“二十条”和“新十条”要求,科学制定防控方案,部署高效统筹做好疫情防控和考试组织工作,按照“一类一策”组考模式,分类设置考场考点,调动多方资源力量,提高核酸检测、考点考场资源和监考工作队伍等保障力度。
考前,教育部会同中央网信办、公安部、国家疾控局召开2023年研考工作调度会,要求提高政治站位,强化政治执行力,落实安全稳定责任;加强服务保障,关心关爱广大考生和考务工作人员,全力确保研考平稳顺利实施。
各地各部门多措并举,尽全力保障组考工作↓↓↓
内蒙古
内蒙古自治区招生考试委员会办公室专项部署研考事宜,要求加强服务保障,优化考生服务,及时告知考生组考防疫安排,积极为特殊困难考生参加考试提供便利条件等。
考场设置按照“一类一策”的组考模式,分类设置普通考场、隔离考场和应急考场,各类考场不交叉使用。每场考试前后,各考点将对考场进行消毒和通风,对卫生间、楼梯间等公共区域以及门把手等接触频繁的部位进行清洁和消毒,为广大考生和考试工作人员提供健康安全的考试环境。
浙江
为保障每位考生的考试权益,浙江省通过大数据摸排考生健康状况,分类安排考场。同时,为解决滞留考生的赴考困难,先后开展两轮跨省借考工作,为7400余名借考考生,集中转运近8000份自命题试卷,涉及全国30个省(市、自治区),目前试卷已在考前按保密流程调配到位。
教育、卫健、疾控、公安、市场等联席会议成员单位已于考前通过跨部门联动开展考试环境治理,充实考点医护力量,并将在考试期间联合值班,共同为考生营造良好的考试环境。
安徽
2023年安徽省研考共报名考生23.2万余人,报名人数再创历史新高;全省共有30个报考点,共设294个考点,8095个考场,备用考点43个,备用隔离考场818个,选聘考务人员3万余名。考前已根据防疫组考的实际情况,进一步调整增设备用考场,增配考务人员。
安徽省教育厅统一组织考生凭准考证免费进行一次单人单管核酸检测,并及时提供结果给各地、各校,结合考生健康状况摸排情况,根据需要提前按核酸检测结果分类设置考场。同时,发挥报考点高校作用,加强考生心理疏导,缓解考生焦虑,并在疫情防控等方面为考生提供必要帮助。
福建
福建省就2023年硕士研究生招生考试安全工作作出部署,要求以考生为本,进一步优化调整疫情防控方案,做足考前防疫准备,强化人员管理,精准分类施策,稳妥处置考试过程突发情况,确保不因疫情影响考生考试,确保所有考生平安顺利参加考试。
考前,福建省各报考点为广大考生开辟核酸采样检测绿色通道。考生可根据个人需要,凭本人《准考证》到指定的检测点完成一次“单人单管”核酸检测。高校报考点的核酸采样检测工作由各高校统一组织实施。
四川
今年四川省考试报名确认人数25.8万人,同比增长1.53%。日前,四川省召开2023年研招考试组考防疫及考试安全工作调度会,部署开展“六大专项行动”,严厉打击冒名顶替和考试舞弊等严重违规违法行为。
此外,成都市为切实做好2023年全国硕士研究生考试考生服务工作,青年人才驿站在硕士研究生考试期间向广大考生特别是异地借考学生提供免费住宿服务。
还有这些《致2023年研考生的一封信》↓↓↓
黑龙江、江苏、江西、山东、河南……临近研考,各省市陆续发布考前准备工作提示和初试防疫温馨提醒。
01
02
03
04
05
滑动查看更多
来源 | 据内蒙古教育发布、黑龙江省招生考试院、江苏教育发布、浙江考试、安徽省教育厅官微、福建省教育考试院、福建教育微言、江西省教育厅、山东教育发布、河南省教育厅、四川教育发布微信,四川发布微博